Ese Paul Kagame n'ingabo ze bahamwa na Genocost bakoze muri RDC?

Mu gihe Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) ikomeje kurega u Rwanda mu Rukiko Mpuzamahanga rw'Ubutabera (ICJ), impaka zikomeje kwibanda ku bibazo bibiri by'ingenzi: Ese ni ibihe bimenyetso byatuma igihugu cy'u Rwanda gihamwa n'icyaha cya jenoside? Ikindi ni ukumenya niba ibivugwa ku bikorwa by'ubwicanyi byabereye muri RDC mu bihe bitandukanye, bikozwe n'ingabo z'u Rwanda zifatanyije n'inyeshyamba zitandukanye, byaba byujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko mpuzamahanga kugira ngo byitwe jenoside.

Amategeko mpuzamahanga asobanura ko, kugira ngo igihugu cyangwa abantu bahamwe n'icyaha cya jenoside, bidahagije kugaragaza ko habaye ubwicanyi cyangwa ihohoterwa rikomeye. Ikintu gikomeye kurushaho ni ukugaragaza ko habaye umugambi wihariye wo kurimbura, burundu cyangwa igice, itsinda ririnzwe n'amategeko kubera ubwoko, inkomoko cyangwa idini byaryo.

Aha ngaha, hagize ushaka kubyumva ukundi, byaba ari ukubyirengagiza nkana kubera ko Abahutu bo muri DRC kimwe n'impunzi z'Abahutu b'Abanyarwanda ziciweyo, zishwe zizira uko zaremwe kuko ari Abahutu, aho ngaho akaba nta muntu wabihakana. Ikindi, umugambi warapanzwe kuko ingabo za APR zarateguwe, hakorwa gahunda za gisirikare zo kujya kubahiga no kubica, kandi ibyo byamaze igihe kinini bikorwa ntibyatunguranye.

Ibi bishimangirwa neza na raporo ya Loni izwi nka “Mapping Report”, yagaragaje ko hari ibikorwa byinshi byabaye hagati ya 1996 na 1997 bishobora gutuma urukiko rusesengura niba hari ibimenyetso by'umugambi wa jenoside. Iyo raporo ivuga ko mu bice bitandukanye byo muri Kivu zombi, Maniema na Équateur habaye ibitero byibasiye impunzi z'Abahutu n'abaturage b'Abahutu mu buryo bwagutse kandi busa ahantu henshi.

Raporo isobanura ko hari aho abantu bahamagarwaga mu nama babwirwa ko bagiye kuganirizwa ku gusubira mu Rwanda cyangwa guhabwa ibiribwa, ariko nyuma bakicwa. Inagaragaza ko abagore, abana n'abasaza na bo bishwe, kandi ko akenshi nta tandukaniro ryakorwaga hagati y'abasivili n'abakekwagaho kuba abarwanyi. Nk'uko iyo raporo ibivuga, ubu buryo bw'imikorere bushobora gufatwa nk'ikimenyetso cy'uko ibyo bikorwa byari byarateguwe mbere.

Ibi bisa n'ibindi bikorwa byagiye bikorerwa Abahutu bo mu Rwanda kuva muri 1990 kugeza 1997, aho babwirwaga ko bagiye mu nama cyangwa guhabwa ibiribwa, barangiza bakabarasira aho babaga bateraniye cyangwa bagaterwamo amabombe.

Raporo ikomeza ivuga ko imvugo z'urwango zavuzwe mu bice bimwe na bimwe, aho Abahutu bose bashyirwaga mu cyiciro kimwe ndetse bagashishikarizwa guhigwa no kwicwa, na zo zishobora kuba kimwe mu bimenyetso urukiko rwakwifashisha mu gusuzuma niba hari umugambi wo kurimbura itsinda runaka.

Hamwe mu hantu henshi havugwa, iyi raporo yatanze urugero ivuga ko nyuma y'uko impunzi z'Abahutu zari zimaze guhigwa kuva mu Burasirazuba bwa Zaïre (ubu ni RDC), zageze i Mbandaka na Wendji, ahasaga kilometero 2,000 uvuye ku mupaka w'u Rwanda. Bamwe mu bari abarwanyi ba Ex-FAR/Interahamwe bari bamaze kwamburwa intwaro n'abapolisi baho, ingabo za APR/AFDL zarashe ku mpunzi z'Abahutu zitari zifite uburyo bwo kwirwanaho, bituma hapfa ibihumbi byinshi by'abo bantu. Raporo ivuga ko iyo myitwarire, ifatanyije n'ibindi bikorwa byabereye ahandi, ishobora gutuma urukiko rufata umwanzuro ko hari gahunda cyangwa umugambi wa jenoside.

Icyakora, iyo raporo ntabwo ari yo yemeza ko jenoside yabaye; bigomba kunyura mu nkiko mpuzamahanga ari uko bisabwe.

Ku bw'iyo mpamvu, raporo isoza ivuga ko hakenewe iperereza ryuzuye n'urukiko mpuzamahanga kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ibyo bikorwa byujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko kugira ngo byitwe jenoside. Kugeza ubu kandi, n'ubwo RDC yatanze ikirego mu ICJ, nta rukiko mpuzamahanga rurafata umwanzuro wa nyuma ruhamya u Rwanda icyaha cya jenoside muri RDC. Umwanzuro wa nyuma uzaterwa n'isesengura ry'ibimenyetso n'uko amategeko mpuzamahanga azakoreshwa muri urwo rubanza.

Igiteye agahinda ni uko ibikorwa bikomeye by'ubwicanyi byagiye bikorwa n'ingabo z'u Rwanda zifatanije n'indi mitwe y'inyeshyamba bikomeje kugeza na n'uyu munsi, aho usanga u Rwanda ruvuga ko ruba rujya guhashya abarwanya umutekano warwo. Kuva muri 2021, hari ibikorwa byinshi by'ubwicanyi AFC/M23 n'ingabo z'u Rwanda (RDF) bashinjwa n'imiryango mpuzamahanga, harimo Loni n'imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu. U Rwanda ruhakana ko rugira uruhare muri ibyo byaha cyangwa rugahakana ko rufasha AFC/M23.

Mu mategeko mpuzamahanga, ibikorwa byinshi bIshinjwa Kagame, ingabo ze n’abafatanyabikorwa babo bishobora kuba ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (crimes against humanity). Kuko byagaragaye ko ari igice cy'ibitero byagutse cyangwa bikorwa mu buryo buteguye byibasiye abasivili.

Bimwe mu bikorwa byakunze kugarukwaho ni ibi: Kwica abasivili - Raporo zitandukanye za Loni zivuga ko mu bice RDF/M23 bafashe habaye ubwicanyi bwibasira abasivili nkubwabereye Kishishe (Teritwari ya Rutshuru, North Kivu) cg Bambo na Bugina (North Kivu), harimo kwicwa mu buryo bwihuse (summary executions). Kwica abasivili mu buryo bwagutse bishobora kuba crime against humanity iyo byujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko.

Hari kandi “Gufata ku ngufu no gukorera ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina”: Hari ibirego byinshi by'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rikorerwa abagore n'abakobwa. Gufata ku ngufu mu buryo bwagutse cyangwa buteguye bishobora kuba crime against humanity ndetse na “war crime”.

“Kwimura abaturage ku ngufu”: Intambara yatumye ibihumbi byinshi by'abaturage bava mu byabo. Hagaragaye n'ikibazo gikomeye aho u Rwanda rwagiye ruvana Abanyekongo mu byabo ku ngufu rukajya gutuzamo Abanyarwanda. Iyo kwimurwa bikorwa ku ngufu bitari ngombwa mu rwego rwa gisirikare, bishobora kuba “crime against humanity”.

Hari n'ibindi bikorwa byinshi bibi nko gushimuta no gufunga abaturage mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko, gukoresha abana mu mirwano n'ibindi.

Perezida Donald Trump yakunze kuvuga ko ubwicanyi n'intambara bimaze imyaka myinshi mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC bigomba guhagarara. Mu ijambo yavugiye mu muhango wo gushyigikira amasezerano y'amahoro hagati ya RDC n'u Rwanda muri Kamena no mu Kuboza 2025, Trump yagize ati: "Intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC imaze imyaka irenga 30, ikaba yaratwaye ubuzima bw'abantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni bishwe mu buryo bubabaje."

Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yakomeje gusaba ko amahanga yemera ibyo yise "jenoside ituje" (silent genocide) mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, ndetse asaba ko hakorwa iperereza mpuzamahanga ku byaha byakozwe akaba akomeje kubishyiramo imbara ngo bikorwe.

Mu 2026, RDC yashyizeho Inama Ngishwanama ishinzwe gusuzuma amahano yabaye muri RDC (Council for the Examination of Atrocities in the DRC) kugira ngo ikusanye ibimenyetso, ifashe mu rugendo rwo gushaka ubutabera no gusaba indishyi z'abahohotewe.

Mu gihe harimo kwibukwa izo nzira karengane, umwe mu bihaye Imana, Pastor Joel Osteen wo muri USA, yatanze ubutumwa ku gihugu cya RDC aho yagize ati: "Mu gihe twibuka umunsi wa 2 Kanama – Umunsi w'Icyunamo n'Urwibutso, duha icyubahiro abazize ayo mahano, tugaharanira kwimakaza indangagaciro z'ukuri, ubutabera n'amahoro, kandi twongera gushimangira umuhigo duhuriyeho wo gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo amahano nk'ayo atazongera kuba ukundi."

Isi yose ihanze amaso abarebwa n’iki kibazo kugira ngo yaba Kagame Paul, ingabo ze n’inyeshyamba yagiye akorana nazo baryozwe ibi byaha by’indengakamere bakoze. Kugeza ubu abantu barenga miliyoni esheshatu bakaba bamaze kuburira ubuzima bwabo muri izi ntambara zikorwa na Paul Kagame.